Analysis of Mozambique

Mozambique shows an average population growth of 2.89 % during 2012- 2016. The population pyramid in 2016 shows that among the total population 51.50 percent population is between 15-64 years and 45.65% is between 02-14 years, and 3.14 percent is more than 64 years. 

The economic indicators show that between 2011-2014 the GDP annual growth percentage is above 7 percent which declined to 6.5 % in 2015 and 3.84% in 2016. The GDP per capita in 2011 is 22.1 percent which declined to -26.1 % in 2016. The overall average growth rate between 2011-2016 is -0.2%. The contribution of agriculture, industry, and services in total GDP is 24.77, 21.64 and 53.58 respectively.

In 2016 debt per capita in Mozambique is $444. The debt to GDP ratio is 1.13%. The external debt stock to export ratio increases from 35.9% in 2011 to 95.7% in 2016. On the other hand, the debt service to export percentage increases from 2% in 2011 to 12.6% in 2016.

The imports and exports of goods and services show an increasing trend in years 2011-2014 and declining trend in 2015-2016. The balance of payment in 2011 is -3.3$ Million which increases to -6.25$ Million in 2013 and declines to -4.19$ Million in 2016. The main export partner of Mozambique is Netherland, India and South Africa which contributes 30.8 %, 15.2% and 14.6% respectively in 2016. The main export products are Aluminium, Bronze, Cashews, Cotton, Sugar and Timber etc.

The import Partners are South Africa, China, Netherland, Bahrain, France, Portugal, and UAE which contributes total imports of 36.6%, 10.9 %, 7.8 %, 5.2%, 4.2%, 4.1% respectively. The import products include machinery and equipment, vehicle, fuels, chemicals, metal products, food products and textiles.

 The unemployment rate in 2016 is 24.37%. The employment percentage in agriculture is 72.1% which shows the largest sector for employment.

While analyzing the social indicators of Mozambique it is observed that in 2015 the HDI value is 0.418 which puts the country in low human development category positioning it at 181 out 180 countries. In 2015 life expectancy of male and female at birth is 56/59. In same year the expected year and mean year of schooling is 9.1 and 3.5. The GNI per capita shows an increasing trend of 480-620 during 2011-2014 and then decreases to 590.

In 2015 the inequality data shows that life expectancy at birth, inequality in education, and inequality in income is 36.4 percent, 33.8 percent, and 28.4 percent.

The global hunger index (GHI) shows 98^th rank. The water access shows that 9% of population only uses a piped drinking supply water on premises. 38% of population using an unimproved drinking water source. 

Thus, the overall conducted analysis of Mozambique between the years 2011-2016 shows that the country has faced many problems in financial, economic and social sectors. For example, the debt has also increased in these years and the citizens of the country have also faced much trouble in getting good jobs. There are also several problems related to the water resources and people are not getting enough water which is important to carry on daily activities. Several steps should be taken by the federal authorities in order to come up with concrete solutions to the above mentioned issues.