Psych Exam Help

A few questions and answers that can help students to practice quiz and exam

QUESTION 1

1.      Which statement about scatterplots is TRUE?

	A.	If data points fall on a line from the bottom left to the top right, there is a negative relationship.
	B.	If points are scattered randomly, there is a negative relationship.
	C.	If points are scattered randomly, one variable does not predict another.
	D.	If data points fall on a line from the bottom right to the top left, there is a positive relationship.

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QUESTION 2

1.      One disadvantage of the case study method is that it:

	A.	is difficult to recruit a large number of participants.
	B.	does not provide findings that can be generalized.
	C.	is not useful for generating hypotheses.
	D.	involves traveling to multiple natural settings.

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QUESTION 3

1.      Height and weight are _____ correlated; elevation and temperature are _____ correlated.

	A.	positively; positively
	B.	positively; negatively
	C.	negatively; negatively
	D.	negatively; positively

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QUESTION 4

1.      Shere Hite's failure to use _____ resulted in misleading findings for her women and love survey study.

	A.	random sampling
	B.	random assignment
	C.	a double-blind procedure
	D.	a placebo group

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QUESTION 5

1.      In a normal distribution, the percentile rank for a score that is 1 standard deviation below the mean is roughly _____ percent.

	A.	68
	B.	84
	C.	34
	D.	16

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QUESTION 6

1.      Suppose Aaron finds that the correlation between students' levels of optimism and their scores on an exam is –.68. This correlation indicates that:

	A.	being highly optimistic causes students to have higher exam scores.
	B.	more optimistic students have higher exam scores.
	C.	being highly optimistic causes students to have lower exam scores.
	D.	more optimistic students have lower exam scores.

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QUESTION 7

1.      To obtain a representative sample, researchers use random _____, which allows them to _____.

	A.	assignment; equalize participant characteristics across groups
	B.	sampling; equalize participant characteristics across groups
	C.	assignment; generalize results to the population of interest
	D.	sampling; generalize results to the population of interest

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QUESTION 8

1.      Caitlin plans to conduct research to answer the question, "Does loud music cause people to remember less of what they read?" Which research method should she use to answer her question?

	A.	naturalistic observation
	B.	correlational study
	C.	survey
	D.	experiment

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QUESTION 9

1.      Which term does NOT belong with the others?

	A.	mode
	B.	range
	C.	mean
	D.	median

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QUESTION 10

1.      With measures of central tendency, there can be more than one _____ but only one _____.

	A.	range; median
	B.	standard deviation; mode
	C.	mode; median
	D.	mean; standard deviation

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QUESTION 11

1.      If students are interested in how many students received As, Bs, Cs, Ds, and Fs on their last exam, they should request that their professor provide information on the:

	A.	range of scores.
	B.	mean and median.
	C.	frequency distribution.
	D.	mean and standard deviation.

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QUESTION 12

1.      Psychologists who study how brain chemistry influences behavior are most likely from the _____ perspective, whereas psychologists who study how we perceive and reason are most likely from the _____ perspective.

	A.	biological; cognitive
	B.	biological; sociocultural
	C.	behavioral; cognitive
	D.	cognitive; biological

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QUESTION 13

1.      To equalize participant characteristics across groups in an experiment, researchers use random _____, which allows them to _____.

	A.	sampling; generalize results to the population of interest
	B.	assignment; eliminate participant characteristics as possible explanations for results
	C.	assignment; generalize results to the population of interest
	D.	sampling; eliminate participant characteristics as possible explanations for results

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QUESTION 14

1.      Which is NOT one of the major psychological research perspectives?

	A.	biological
	B.	therapeutic
	C.	sociocultural
	D.	cognitive

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QUESTION 15

1.      If Sports Illustrated began putting the worst athletes on the cover instead of the best, regression toward the mean suggests that for these athletes we could expect that their subsequent performance would:

	A.	be above the mean because their performance should "average out."
	B.	continue to drop.
	C.	would improve.
	D.	be unchanged unless they practice harder because of the negative publicity they received.

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QUESTION 16

1.      In classical conditioning, new behaviors are learned as a result of the:

	A.	pairing of a behavior with a punishment or reward.
	B.	reinforcers that precede behavior.
	C.	pairing of two environmental events.
	D.	reinforcers that follow behavior.

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QUESTION 17

1.      Sample is to population as _____ is to _____.

	A.	subset; entire group
	B.	entire group; subset
	C.	representative; nonrepresentative
	D.	nonrepresentative; representative

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QUESTION 18

1.      The _____ indicates the strength of a correlation coefficient.

	A.	slope
	B.	sign
	C.	absolute value
	D.	None of the answers is correct.

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QUESTION 19

1.      When Carla works in a group, she may not exert as much effort as she does when she is working alone. This example of the effect of other people on behavior is MOST directly related to psychology's _____ perspective.

	A.	sociocultural
	B.	cognitive
	C.	behavioral
	D.	biological

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QUESTION 20

1.      Which correlation coefficient represents the variables with the strongest degree of relationship?

	A.	+.99
	B.	–1.00
	C.	+.01
	D.	–.59

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QUESTION 21

1.      Treating Parkinson's disease with L-dopa may lead to an increase in:

	A.	the ability of dopamine to cross the blood-brain barrier.
	B.	the amount of dopamine in the brain.
	C.	schizophrenia-like symptoms.
	D.	both the amount of dopamine in the brain and schizophrenia-like symptoms .

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QUESTION 22

1.      In an experiment, the _____ group participants receive an inactive treatment but are told that the treatment will help them.

	A.	control
	B.	experimental
	C.	third-variable
	D.	placebo

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QUESTION 23

1.      Which correlation coefficient indicates the STRONGEST relationship?

	A.	+.75
	B.	–.81
	C.	0.00
	D.	+1.25

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QUESTION 24

1.      In which way may a drug or poison have an agonistic effect on a neurotransmitter?

	A.	stimulating release
	B.	stimulating neurotransmitter breakdown
	C.	blocking receptor sites
	D.	inhibiting release

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QUESTION 25

1.      In the _____ theory of emotion, the physiological arousal and behavioral response _____ the emotional feeling.

	A.	James-Lange; follow
	B.	Cannon-Bard; precede
	C.	James-Lange; precede
	D.	Cannon-Bard; follow

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QUESTION 26

1.      Which purpose has NOT been proposed as a function of sleep?

	A.	restoring the brain and body
	B.	building stronger muscles
	C.	consolidating memory
	D.	adapting to a dangerous environment

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QUESTION 27

1.      Shelby had been receiving acupuncture to help relieve her back pain. Acupuncture may partially be explained as stimulation of:

	A.	endorphins.
	B.	norepinephrine.
	C.	glutamate.
	D.	serotonin.

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QUESTION 28

1.      The proportion of space in the motor cortex devoted to a specific body part depends on the:

	A.	precision of movement made by the body part.
	B.	size of the body part.
	C.	location of the body part.
	D.	sensitivity of the body part.

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QUESTION 29

1.      Within neurons, communication is _____. Between neurons, communication is _____.

	A.	electrical; chemical
	B.	chemical; chemical
	C.	chemical; electrical
	D.	electrical; electrical

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QUESTION 30

1.      Phineas Gage's accident led neuroscientists to hypothesize the involvement of the:

	A.	temporal lobes in hearing.
	B.	frontal lobes in impulse control.
	C.	parietal lobes in sensitivity to pain.
	D.	occipital lobes in vision.

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QUESTION 31

1.      At dinner, when John picks up his fork, his _____ nervous system controls the movement of his fingers. His _____ nervous system regulates his stomach and controls the digestion of food.

	A.	somatic; somatic
	B.	autonomic; autonomic
	C.	autonomic; somatic
	D.	somatic; autonomic

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QUESTION 32

1.      The auditory cortex is located in the _____ lobes, and the visual cortex is located in the _____ lobes.

	A.	temporal; frontal
	B.	temporal; occipital
	C.	occipital; parietal
	D.	occipital; temporal

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QUESTION 33

1.      _____ theory of dreams suggests that dreams result from our normal cognitive processes, but they use self-generated sensory data during sleep rather than external sensory input as they do when we are awake.

	A.	REM-rebound
	B.	Activation-synthesis
	C.	Neurocognitive
	D.	Brain activation

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QUESTION 34

1.      Liz died from a drug overdose that impaired her ability to breathe. It is likely that the drug suppressed the functioning of the:

	A.	hypothalamus.
	B.	cerebellum.
	C.	pons.
	D.	medulla.

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QUESTION 35

1.      Longer wavelengths lead to _____ frequencies because the wavelengths cycle a _____ number of times per second.

	A.	lower; small
	B.	lower; large
	C.	higher; small
	D.	higher; large

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QUESTION 36

1.      People who are nearsighted have difficulty seeing objects that are _____ because their images are focused _____ the retina.

	A.	distant; in front of
	B.	distant; behind
	C.	close; in front of
	D.	close; behind

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QUESTION 37

1.      Damage to the right hemisphere will MOST likely disrupt a person's ability to:

	A.	give speeches.
	B.	recognize faces.
	C.	do logic problems.
	D.	balance a checkbook.

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QUESTION 38

1.      Which type of neuron carries information from the CNS to the rest of the body?

	A.	glial
	B.	sensory neuron
	C.	motor neuron
	D.	interneuron

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QUESTION 39

1.      The Gestalt principle of subjective contours is to _____ as the Gestalt principle of closure is to _____.

	A.	lines or shapes that are perceived to be present but do not really exist; the tendency to complete incomplete figures to form meaningful objects
	B.	the tendency to complete incomplete figures to form meaningful objects; organizing sensory input into figures and grounds
	C.	the tendency to complete incomplete figures to form meaningful objects; the tendency to group together objects that are near one another
	D.	the tendency to group together objects that are similar to each other; the tendency to group together objects that are near one another

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QUESTION 40

1.      As Ben enters the dimly lit movie theater, he pauses before finding his seat because he temporarily has trouble seeing. It is MOST likely that Ben's eyes are undergoing the process of:

	A.	accommodation.
	B.	sensory adaptation.
	C.	dark adaptation.
	D.	retinal disparity.

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QUESTION 41

1.      Information traveling from the senses to the brain is to _____ as the brain's use of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations to interpret data is to _____.

	A.	perception; sensation
	B.	bottom-up processing; top-down processing
	C.	top-down processing; bottom-up processing
	D.	feeling; thinking

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QUESTION 42

1.      According to a composite theory of auditory perception, perception of frequencies above 5,000 Hz is explained by _____, and perception of frequencies between 500 and 5,000 Hz is explained by _____.

	A.	both frequency theory and place theory; place theory only
	B.	place theory only; both frequency theory and place theory
	C.	frequency theory only; both frequency theory and place theory
	D.	both frequency theory and place theory; frequency theory only

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QUESTION 43

1.      _____ are cortical cells in the visual system that recognize elementary features, such as angles and diagonal lines.

	A.	Photopigments
	B.	Accommodators
	C.	Processors
	D.	Feature detectors

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QUESTION 44

1.      Retinal disparity is a _____ cue to depth perception. As we focus on an object and the object moves closer to us, retinal disparity _____.

	A.	monocular; increases
	B.	monocular; decreases
	C.	binocular; increases
	D.	binocular; decreases

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QUESTION 45

1.      It has been estimated that the human eye can discriminate about _____ different colors.

	A.	75,000
	B.	750
	C.	7.5 million
	D.	7,500

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QUESTION 46

1.      Which structure is in the middle ear?

	A.	the auditory nerve
	B.	the pinna
	C.	the malleus
	D.	the cochlea

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QUESTION 47

1.      Why are men more likely to be red-green color blind than women are?

	A.	The genes responsible for producing the opponent-process cells are on the X chromosome.
	B.	The genes responsible for producing the photopigments for the affected cones are located on the Y chromosome.
	C.	The genes responsible for producing the photopigments for the affected cones are located on the X chromosome.
	D.	The genes responsible for producing the opponent-process cells are on the Y chromosome.

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QUESTION 48

1.      John is participating in an experiment that is designed to determine how much brighter a light has to be before he perceives the magnitude as twice as bright as the original light. Jane is participating in an experiment to determine how strong an odor has to be before she initially perceives the odor. The experiment in which John is participating relates to the _____ question and the experiment in which Jane is participating relates to the _____ question.

	A.	scaling; detection
	B.	detection; difference
	C.	difference; scaling
	D.	difference; detection

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QUESTION 49

1.      Although the retinal image changes, we easily recognize the rectangular shape of a door whether it is closed, partially open, or completely open. This is an example of:

	A.	perceptual constancy.
	B.	interposition.
	C.	perceptual set.
	D.	linear perspective.

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QUESTION 50

1.      While watching her favorite baseball team in the playoffs, Erica saw a close play in which the runner was called out at home plate. However, Erica was sure that the runner was safe. It is possible that Erica's perception of the play was influenced by:

	A.	contextual effect.
	B.	closure.
	C.	perceptual set.
	D.	proximity.